Ingredients List: What’s In Our IV Drip Treatments?

The human body requires a variety of vitamins and nutrients to maintain normal function and support overall health. These essential vitamins and nutrients are primarily obtained from the diet, as the body is unable to produce most of them on its own. While the digestive system works to extract nutrients from food and beverages, the absorption process can vary, and not all nutrients may be fully absorbed. Often, a balanced diet usually provides sufficient nutrients for most individuals.

IV therapy provides a direct method of delivering essential vitamins and nutrients into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system and ensuring an increased rate of absorption. This method can be especially beneficial during illness when the body’s need for nutrients increases. IV therapy can help support the healing process, enhance immune function, and aid recovery by providing essential nutrients in a timely and efficient manner (Mao & Park, 2015).

IV Fluids

IV Fluids

IV fluids, commonly called saline solutions, are sterile solutions of sodium chloride and water. They serve as a fundamental component of intravenous (IV) therapy, primarily providing hydration and facilitating the administration of medications and nutrients.
The human body maintains a significant water content, approximately 60%, which underscores the importance of proper hydration for overall health and bodily functions.

Hydration offers numerous health benefits, including:

• Joint lubrication, supporting mobility.
• Cardiovascular support by maintaining optimal blood volume and circulation.
• Enhanced endurance during physical activities.
• Potential mood enhancement and cognitive function support.
• Assistance in energy metabolism and production.
• Potential improvement in concentration, focus, and mental clarity.

Intravenous administration bypasses the digestive system and may lead to faster absorption of nutrients and medications. IV fluids can also help ensure rapid hydration and direct delivery of nutrients or medications when necessary. This can be particularly useful in cases of severe dehydration, inability to take fluids orally, or specific medical conditions. However, absorption rates even of IV fluids can vary based on various factors, including the specific substances administered and the individual’s health status.

Vitamin C

Vitamin C nomenclature

Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin with numerous essential roles in the body, including maintaining the health of various systems such as muscles, bones, immune function, and the circulatory system.

Vitamin C in particular is needed to produce collagen, a protein that provides structure and elasticity to connective tissues in the skin. This, in turn, contributes to healthy skin and wound healing

Furthermore, vitamin C acts as an antioxidant, meaning it helps neutralise harmful free radicals in the body. Free radicals are unstable molecules that can cause oxidative damage to cells and tissues, contributing to various health problems and ageing processes. Vitamin C not only directly scavenges free radicals but also regenerates other antioxidants in the body, such as vitamin E, enhancing the overall antioxidant defence system.

High-dose vitamin C

Recent research suggests that high doses of Vitamin C may have some potential benefits in cancer prevention and treatment, although the evidence is still evolving and not conclusive.

Some studies are investigating the use of high-dose intravenous (IV) vitamin C for cancer. Early findings suggest potential benefits, such as slowing cancer growth, influencing the immune system, and reducing cellular damage that might be linked to cancer development. However, more research is needed to confirm these findings and determine if IV vitamin C can become a viable cancer treatment option (Borek, 2008; Schoenfeld, 2018).

One potential mechanism by which high concentrations of vitamin C might exert an effect on cancer cells involves the generation of hydrogen peroxide. The generation of hydrogen peroxide could damage DNA and trigger cell death pathways within cancer cells (Vollbracht, 2011). Cancer cells might have a reduced ability to neutralise hydrogen peroxide compared to healthy cells, making them potentially more susceptible. However, the evidence for selective targeting of cancer cells with high-dose vitamin C is still preliminary and requires further research. Furthermore, it’s essential to note that high-dose Vitamin C therapy is not without risks and should only be considered under the guidance of a qualified medical professional (National Cancer Institute, 2021).

The current Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for Vitamin C is 90 mg per day for adult men and 75 mg per day for adult women, with an upper limit of 2,000 mg (2 grams) per day to avoid adverse effects such as gastrointestinal upset and diarrhoea (National Institutes of Health, 2021).

Glutathione

Glutathione nomenclature

Glutathione is a tripeptide and one of the body’s primary antioxidants. It plays a crucial role in protecting cells from oxidative damage by neutralising free radicals. Additionally, glutathione aids in detoxification by binding to toxins and facilitating their removal from the body (Forman et al., 2009). Through this process, Glutathione protects important cellular components from damage caused by oxidative reactions and plays a crucial role in reducing overall oxidative stress in the body. Additionally, it works to regenerate vitamins C and E, further supporting their antioxidant activities (Jones, 2012).

As the body ages the natural levels of glutathione in cells may decrease, reducing the body’s ability to combat oxidative stress effectively. While mitigating oxidative stress is important for health, research on glutathione supplementation directly slowing down the complex processes of ageing is limited and currently an active area of research.

Glutathione deficiency can particularly disrupt the body’s ability to manage oxidative stress. Research suggests that this may contribute to various health conditions and the ageing process (Maher, 2005). While supplementation can be helpful, oral glutathione has limited absorption. In certain cases, intravenous administration may be a more effective way to increase glutathione levels (Pizzorno, 2014). While IV glutathione has potential applications in individuals with glutathione deficiency, long-term safety and efficacy need better understanding and is an area of active research.

High-dose glutathione

Glutathione plays a vital role in cellular defence as discussed above. It acts as a powerful antioxidant, supports detoxification processes, aids in the function of other antioxidants like vitamins C and E, and contributes to mitochondrial health (Pizzorno, 2014). Research on the use of concentrated glutathione for detoxification is ongoing, but more evidence is needed to determine its effectiveness.

There is some evidence to suggest that glutathione may offer protective effects against COVID-19. Particularly, early research suggests that glutathione might play a role in reducing the severity of COVID-19 complications. This might involve supporting a healthy immune response and potentially mitigating excessive inflammation (Polonikov, 2020). While more research is needed for high-dose glutathione supplementation, focusing on a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and lean protein can help ensure your body has the nutrients it needs to produce glutathione.

B-Complex

B complex vitamins are a group of eight water-soluble vitamins that play a key role in various metabolic and physiological processes in the body. These vitamins are essential for converting food into energy, supporting the nervous system, maintaining cardiovascular health, and promoting proper immune function (Institute of Medicine, 1998).

B complex vitamins also support the maintenance of healthy skin, hair, and nails, with Biotin (B7) being particularly important for these tissues. Furthermore,These vitamins may help to combat oxidative stress by participating in antioxidant defence systems. (Hoffman, 2017).

The B complex vitamins include:

• B1 (thiamine)
• B2 (riboflavin)
• B3 (niacin)
• B5 (pantothenic acid)
• B6 (pyridoxine)
• B7 (biotin)
• B9 (folate)
• B12 (cobalamin

It is important to ensure adequate intake of these vitamins through a balanced diet or supplements when necessary to maintain optimal health.

Vitamin B7 (Biotin)

Vitamin B7 (Biotin) nomenclature

Biotin (also known as Vitamin B7) is an essential nutrient that plays a crucial role in maintaining the health of skin, hair, and nails. Due to this, it is often included in supplements intended to support these areas, particularly as a common addition to many beauty supplements.

Aside from its role in maintaining skin, hair and nails, biotin is also involved in energy metabolism and contributes to normal nervous system function.

While biotin deficiency is uncommon in healthy individuals, severe cases may lead to symptoms like hair loss, skin rashes, and neurological changes. Oral biotin supplements are typically the first-line treatment, with IV therapy reserved for specific medical conditions.

Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)

Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin) nomenclature

Vitamin B12, or cobalamin, is a vital nutrient that plays a key role in maintaining optimal neurological function and cognitive health and is essential for a healthy nervous system. It supports cognitive function, including memory and concentration. Furthermore, vitamin B12 plays a crucial role in red blood cell formation and deficiencies can lead to anaemia, causing fatigue and other symptoms.

Certain medical conditions can impair B12 absorption, increasing the risk of deficiency. Symptoms of B12 deficiency may include fatigue, weakness, and changes in mood or thinking. While oral B12 supplements are often sufficient, intramuscular injections may be necessary for those with absorption issues (like in the cases of certain medical conditions) or severe deficiency.

Research suggests a link between low B12 levels and cognitive decline, although this is an area of active research (particularly in its relationship to neurodegenerative diseases and dementia).

Amino acids

Amino acids nomenclatures

Amino acids are organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of proteins, which are crucial structural components of tissues throughout the body.

Amino acids support numerous functions including:

• Growth and development
• Healing and repair
• Digestion
• Energy production
• Mood regulation
• Neurotransmitter synthesis
• Muscle and connective tissue formation
• Skin synthesis (Wu, 2009)

Amino acids are classified into three categories: essential, non-essential, and conditional. Each category has specific roles and functions:

• Essential amino acids cannot be synthesised by the body and must be obtained through dietary sources. A balanced diet typically provides sufficient essential amino acids for normal function.
• Non-essential amino acids can be synthesised by the body as needed.
• Conditional amino acids are amino acids which become essential for individuals in certain situations (like during periods of illness or stress).

A balanced intake of essential and non-essential amino acids is important for overall health. Dietary protein provides these amino acids, as the body has limited capacity to store them

Amino acids are an active area of research as athletic performance supplements. Current research suggests that amino acid supplementation (usually through adequate oral intake of protein-rich foods) may benefit athletic performance by supporting muscle building, energy metabolism, and potentially reducing fatigue.

Magnesium

Magnesium periodic table

Magnesium is a mineral essential for numerous body functions. Found in various foods, including leafy green vegetables, nuts, seeds, and whole grains, it supports:

• Nerve and muscle function
• Bone health
• Immune response
• Healthy heartbeat
• Blood sugar regulation
• Blood pressure regulation
• Energy production
• Protein synthesis

Research suggests a potential link between magnesium and mood disorders like depression. Studies are ongoing to understand if and how magnesium supplementation might benefit individuals in these cases (Eby & Eby, 2006).

Magnesium deficiency can cause symptoms like fatigue, muscle weakness, and cramps. Research suggests a potential link between low magnesium levels and an increased risk of chronic diseases including Alzheimer’s, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and diabetes (Volpe, 2014). This connection is under active investigation, and more studies are needed to clarify the role of magnesium in preventing and managing these conditions

Furthermore, magnesium is an important mineral for athletes as it supports muscle function and energy production. Athletes with magnesium deficiency may benefit from supplementation to address concerns regarding the deficiency and potentially improve performance. For those with adequate dietary intake, it is still an area of active research. (Rosenblum et al., 2013).

IV therapy can quickly and efficiently correct magnesium levels in the body, which may be beneficial in cases of severe deficiency. Oral forms are usually sufficient for most people, with a balanced diet rich in magnesium-containing foods being a foundation for good health.

Taurine

Taurine nomenclature

Taurine is an amino acid-like compound found in high concentrations in various tissues throughout the body, including in the heart, muscles, brain, and eyes (Schaffer et al., 2014).

Taurine deficiency is rare because most individuals consume sufficient amounts of taurine through dietary sources such as meat, fish, and dairy. However, vegetarians and vegans might have lower intake and may benefit from taurine supplementation since vegetarian sources may contain lower amounts of taurine (Schaffer et al., 2014).

While true taurine deficiency is rare in healthy individuals, potential consequences might include changes in vision, heart health, or neurological function. More research is needed to fully understand these links (Ripps & Shen, 2012).

Taurine is being investigated for its potential roles in supporting:

• Heart health
• Antioxidant defences
• Muscle function
• Immune response
• Nervous system

In particular, current research suggests taurine might help reduce exercise-induced oxidative stress in athletes, potentially supporting muscle recovery (Rutherford et al., 2010). However, benefits might vary between individuals and the link is currently an active area of research.

NAD (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide)

NAD (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) nomenclature

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a critical coenzyme involved in cellular metabolism. NAD plays a crucial role in energy production, redox reactions, and maintaining mitochondrial health (Belenky et al., 2007).

Furthermore, NAD is important for activating sirtuins, a family of proteins that use NAD to regulate cellular processes involved in metabolism and potentially influence ageing (Imai & Guarente, 2014). The levels of NAD in the body tend to naturally decline with age, which might contribute to changes in cellular function (Verdin, 2015).

Active research is currently exploring NAD’s potential benefits in various areas.

Some potential benefits include:

• Supporting muscle function and athletic recovery
• Promoting healthy brain function
• Potentially influencing mood

vitamin capsules

Iron

Iron is an essential mineral that plays a vital role in growth and development. The body requires iron to produce haemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. Iron also helps produce myoglobin, a protein that delivers oxygen to muscles (Powers & Buchanan, 2014).

Iron is involved in several critical functions throughout the body, including supporting the immune system and regulating body temperature. Adequate iron levels are also necessary for hormone synthesis (Baker & DeMaeyer, 1979).

The recommended daily iron intake varies with age, sex and health status. For instance, pregnant individuals have higher iron requirements and are at an increased risk of deficiency (Abbaspour et al., 2014). Individuals on plant-based diets may also be more prone to iron deficiency due to the lower bioavailability of iron from plant sources compared to meat and fish.

Iron deficiency can lead to iron deficiency anaemia, which may cause symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, and other symptoms (Powers & Buchanan, 2014).

Oral iron supplements are generally effective, however can commonly cause gastrointestinal side effects. Food tends to be the primary source of iron for most people. In severe cases, or if oral iron is ineffective, IV iron therapy may be necessary. Restoring iron levels with intravenous (IV) infusions can bypass potential gastrointestinal side effects associated with oral supplements. (Naqvi & Pawson, 2010).

measuring tape in hand

Lipostat Plus

Lipotropic substances, such as methionine, inositol, and choline, may play a role in how the body processes fat and can help prevent its abnormal accumulation. They are believed to primarily help support the liver in fat breakdown and metabolism (Lee et al., 2013).

Our Lipostat Plus infusion contains the following ingredients. Please note that this list contains potential uses of these compounds under investigation by current scientific literature.

• Methionine: which has been studied as a contributor to fat metabolism in the liver (Martínez et al., 2017)
• Inositol: which has been studied for its potential roles in pathways related to mood regulation and metabolic functions. Undergoing current active research, it is thought to support cellular processes involved in energy metabolism (Ashton et al., 2018).
• Choline: thought to support fat transport and metabolism processes, indirectly contributing to how the body uses fat for energy (Zeisel, 2013 & Zeisel, 2009).
• Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine): essential for the production of haemoglobin in red blood cells and acts as a coenzyme in over 100 enzymatic reactions, supporting various functions like amino acid metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and energy production (National Institutes of Health, 2023).
• Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin): essential for several bodily functions. It plays a critical role in red blood cell production, helps maintain healthy nervous system function, and is involved in energy metabolism. Deficiency in B12 can lead to anaemia, neurological problems, and fatigue (National Institutes of Health, 2024).

While the use of lipotropic substances and associated vitamins may support various aspects of health, it is important to use them judiciously under the guidance of a healthcare provider.

lab eprouvettes with blue liquid

Monoclonal antibodies – Bebtelovimab

When you’re infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the cause of COVID-19, your immune system starts working to defend against it. While it takes some time for your body to create antibodies specifically targeted to this virus, other parts of your immune system spring into action quickly. These initial responses provide a first line of defence until the specific antibodies can start circulating in your body.

Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-made proteins designed to mimic the immune system’s ability to combat viruses and diseases. Bebtelovimab is one such monoclonal antibody therapy used to treat COVID-19. It works by binding to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, preventing it from attaching to and entering human cells. This can help decrease the severity and duration of COVID-19 symptoms and reduce the risk of hospitalisation (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 2021).

Bebtelovimab is currently for use only under the “Emergency Use Authorization” as determined by the FDA. (U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 2022)

multivitamins on table

Zinc

Zinc is an essential mineral present throughout the body that plays a critical role in supporting the immune system and can also affect metabolic function and wound healing processes. Some research suggests that zinc supplements taken early after the onset of cold symptoms may modestly shorten their duration, although findings have to be substantiated by further research (Hemilä, 2017).

Zinc deficiency can have a wide-ranging impact on several organs and tissues, including bones, skin, digestive, central nervous, and immune systems. Symptoms of zinc deficiency may vary depending on age and can include impaired immune function, hair loss, skin lesions, and delayed wound healing (Prasad, 2013). Among children, diarrhoea is the most common symptom of zinc deficiency.

Zinc is naturally found in a variety of foods, particularly meat, seafood, and poultry. It is also available in over-the-counter supplements and lozenges. Due to its importance in various physiological processes, zinc can be taken when needed as an over-the-counter supplement and it can be included in some IV therapies.